Why did the English (British) succeed in occupying Indian territories, while other European powers like the Portuguese, Dutch, and French failed to do so?

S.No.	Reason	Explanation
1.	Powerful Naval Strength	Dominated sea routes, ensured military and trade protection.
2.	Political Ambition of East India Company	Aimed not just at trade but at territorial control and administration.
3.	Divide and Rule Policy	Exploited rivalries among Indian rulers to gain influence and control.
4.	Superior Military Organization	Used advanced weapons, disciplined troops, and modern warfare techniques.
5.	Victories in Key Battles	Won crucial battles like Plassey (1757) and Buxar (1764) which gave revenue and territory rights.
6.	Decline of Other European Rivals	Portuguese, Dutch, and French lost interest or were defeated in key wars (e.g., Battle of Wandiwash).
7.	Economic Strength from Industrial Revolution	Better resources and weapons boosted their military and administrative capacity.
8.	Support from the British Government	After 1858, India came under direct rule of the British Crown, giving it state power and legitimacy.
9.	Efficient Administrative System	Built strong legal, tax, and governance systems to consolidate control.